Turbine modeling for steady‐state analysis in hydropower plant networks with complex layouts using a modified global gradient algorithm

Turbines are generally oversimplified in conventional algorithms for steady-state analysis of hydropower plant (HPP) networks. Moreover, hardly suitable serial HPPs. In this paper, a modified global gradient algorithm (MGGA) is developed by extending turbine models and optimizing interpolation. First, the nonlinear model turbines established with proposed variable resistance factor added to matrix. Then unit quantity interpolation compute operating parameters. Finally, links pipes can be iterated synchronously, matrix solved using Newton–Raphson method. Characteristics MGGA evaluated employing two test HPPs, including rapidity convergence, computational stability turbine, applicability The results show that: (a) iterative numbers 0.72 4.98 times on average less than that CA1 CA2 accuracy 10−6 400 conditions, even though has an obvious hysteretic nature; (b) Only successfully calculate extreme cases large head losses HPP networks; (c) Although fixed nodes not present between links, such as still works.